Unconscious Bias: What Is It and How Do I Know What I Have?

Unconscious biases influence our actions every day, shaping our perceptions and decisions without us even noticing. These biases are deeply rooted in our experiences and cultural norms, allowing us to filter information and make quick judgments. While these mental shortcuts are essential for our survival, they can also lead us astray, especially when they cause us to misjudge people. In the workplace, unconscious bias can manifest in various ways, from inflating performance ratings due to the halo effect to overlooking great talent because of in-group bias. The halo effect is a type of unconscious bias that causes us to see certain qualities people have as positive indicators of their performance – these attributes can be societally preferred attributes, such as being conventionally attractive or having an easy-to-pronounce-name, or they can be characteristics that we share with those we are working with. In the case of in-group bias, for example, a manager may be more inclined to promote or fast track an employee with a similar background.

Recognizing and combating unconscious biases are vital steps toward creating a work environment that embraces diverse perspectives and individuals. By acknowledging the existence of these biases and taking conscious action to address them, organizations can foster inclusivity, equal opportunities, and better decision-making.

The Power of Education

The journey to combating unconscious bias begins with education. Understanding what unconscious bias is and how it operates allows individuals to start examining their own biases and taking steps to counteract them. Research has shown that biases can affect critical decisions like hiring, as demonstrated by the discriminatory callbacks faced by individuals with certain names in job applications. The first step in addressing unconscious bias is acknowledging its existence and its potential impact on decision-making processes.

Unconscious Bias Training: Fact or Fad?

Unconscious bias training has gained popularity as organizations strive to create more inclusive work environments. These training sessions often involve tools like the Implicit Association Test (IAT), which measures individuals' implicit associations with certain groups. While such training can raise awareness of biases, evidence of long-lasting behavioral change remains limited.

Critics argue that unconscious bias training might not be as effective as desired, pointing out that brief and passive sessions are unlikely to bring about significant changes in behavior. To maximize the effectiveness of such training, it should be viewed as the foundation for broader organizational change rather than a quick fix.

This process starts with acknowledging that we all have unconscious bias. Having unconscious bias is nothing to be ashamed of; however, letting our bias impact our decision making and judgements has long-term consequences. 

Perspective-Taking and Self-Reflection

More in-depth and evidence-based exercises can lead to more profound transformations. For example, perspective-taking exercises, where participants reflect on the challenges faced by individuals from minority groups, have shown lasting changes in attitudes and behavioral intentions. Encouraging participants to reflect on their past biased behaviors and set future goals for inclusive actions can also enhance the training's impact.

Addressing Unconscious Bias: A Continuous Journey

Overcoming unconscious bias is not a one-time event but an ongoing process. Organizations should consider unconscious bias training as one component of a comprehensive approach to promoting diversity, equity, and inclusion. Long-term and sustained efforts, along with follow-ups to gauge progress, can lead to tangible change and foster a work environment that celebrates diversity and welcomes all perspectives.

Unconscious biases are part of the human experience, but they can shape our perceptions and actions in ways that hinder diversity and inclusion. Acknowledging and combating unconscious bias is a collective responsibility. Organizations, employees, and leaders must work together to build awareness, challenge assumptions, and foster a culture of inclusivity. As we strive for a more equitable future, the journey toward overcoming unconscious bias is one that requires continuous commitment and dedication from all.